Modeling migration dynamics in Albania : a hazard function approach

Since 1990 migration flows from Albania have been massive, relative to the size of the country and its population, but they have also fluctuated over time. This paper presents and discusses various descriptive trends, mainly in graphical form. The data come from the Albanian Living Standards Measurement Survey, 2005 round, and cover the period 1990-2004. The resulting observed trends reflect changing push and pull factors in Albania and the two main host countries, Greece and Italy. The paper also presents a hazard approach to modeling Albanian emigration and return migration. This analysis highlights, among other things, the relevance of networks in Albanian migration dynamics, both to promote emigration and to delay return.Population Policies,Anthropology,Human Migrations&Resettlements,Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement,International Migration

Agency, education and networks : gender and international migration from Albania

This paper examines the causes and dynamics of the shift in the gender composition of migration, and more particularly, in the access of women to migration opportunities and decision making. The context of the analysis is Albania, a natural laboratory for studying migration developments given that out-migration was practically eliminated from the end of World War II to the end of the 1980s. The authors use micro-level data from the Albania 2005 Living Standards Measurement Study including migration histories for family members since migration began. Based on discrete-time hazard models, the analysis shows an impressive expansion of female participation in international migration. Female migration, which is shown to be strongly associated with education, wealth, and social capital, appears responsive to economic incentives and constraints. Yet, using unique data on the dependency of female migration to the household demographic structure as well as the sensitivity of female migration to household-level shocks, the authors show that it is the households themselves that are the decision-making agents behind this economic calculus and there is little to suggest that increased female migration signals the emergence of female agency.Population Policies,Anthropology,Human Rights,Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement,Human Migrations&Resettlements

Choosing to Migrate or Migrating to Choose: Migration and Labor Choice in Albania

Very little systematic analysis exists of the income generating strategies of Albanian households within the emerging market economy, and how this relates to income dynamics, people's mobility and poverty. Our results show that agricultural, migration and human capital assets have a differential impact across livelihood choices, and that this impact varies by gender and age. Two areas of policy concern derive from this analysis. First, migration is clearly crucial for the economic future of Albania, both in terms of financing economic development, serving as an informal safety net, and in reducing excess labour supply and poverty. The suggestion of a potential disincentive effect on labour effort and participation is however worrying, as it would have implications in terms of missed opportunities for development. Second, agriculture appears to be more of a survival strategy than part of a poverty exit strategy.Labor and Human Capital,

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) in Systems Research: Experience from Africa RISING

United States Agency for International Developmen

Collaborative evaluation opportunities in Africa RISING Phase II

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Ethiopia

United States Agency for International Developmen

Monitoring data in Africa RISING: Requirements and management tools (PMMT, CKAN, BTTT,…)

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Ghana

United States Agency for International Developmen